The Kyrgyz Republic is situated in the northeastern part of Central Asia, encompassing portions of the Tian Shan and the northern chains of the Pamir-Alai. It shares borders with the Republic of Kazakhstan to the north, the Republic of Uzbekistan to the west, the Republic of Tajikistan to the southwest, and the People's Republic of China to the southeast, spanning a total length of 4,503 km.

With an area of 199.9 thousand square kilometers, Kyrgyzstan ranks 85th in the world in terms of size. The average elevation stands at 2750 meters above sea level, with the highest peak, Peak Pobeda, reaching 7439 meters, and the lowest point at 394 meters in the southwest of the republic. Notably, Kyrgyzstan is home to some of the highest peaks in the Tian Shan mountain system, including Peak Pobeda (7439 m) and Khan Tengri (6995 m).

Running along the southern border of the republic with Tajikistan is the towering Chon-Alai (Zaalai) range, where the second-highest peak in Kyrgyzstan, Peak Lenin (7134 m), is situated. The terrain of Kyrgyzstan is predominantly mountainous.